S 1884 119th Congress
Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2025
A bill to clarify the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016, to appropriately limit the application of defenses based on the passage of time and other non-merits defenses to claims under that Act.
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Bill journey
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Introduction Congress.gov
Introduced
Introduced in the Senate.
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Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
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Introduced in Senate
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Introduced in Senate
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Committee on the Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with amendments favorably.
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Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 271.
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Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with amendments. Without written report.
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Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with amendments. Without written report.
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Reported to Senate
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Passed Senate with amendments by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S8628-8629; text: CR S8629)
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Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with amendments by Unanimous Consent.
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Engrossed in Senate
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Message on Senate action sent to the House.
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Received in the House.
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Held at the desk.
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Official action Congress.gov · 3:14 pm UTC
Ms. Lee (FL) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.
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Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2497-2500)
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DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 1884.
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On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2497)
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Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2497)
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Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
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Presented to President.
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Presented to President.
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Became Public Law No: 119-82.
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Became Public Law No: 119-82.
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Signed by President.
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Signed by President.
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Public Law 119-82
Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2025
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Text version Congress.gov
Public Law
A dated text-version record is available.
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View the complete bill journey as an accessible table
| Date and time | Record | Official detail | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| IntroductionIntroduced | Introduced in the Senate. | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionRead twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. | No additional detail supplied.IntroReferral · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionIntroduced in Senate | No additional detail supplied.IntroReferral · Library of Congress · Code 10000 | Congress.gov | |
| Text versionIntroduced in Senate | A dated text-version record is available. | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionCommittee on the Judiciary. Ordered to be reported with amendments favorably. | No additional detail supplied.Committee · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPlaced on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 271. | No additional detail supplied.Calendars · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionCommittee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with amendments. Without written report. | No additional detail supplied.Committee · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionCommittee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with amendments. Without written report. | No additional detail supplied.Committee · Library of Congress · Code 14000 | Congress.gov | |
| Text versionReported to Senate | A dated text-version record is available. | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPassed Senate with amendments by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S8628-8629; text: CR S8629) | No additional detail supplied.Floor · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPassed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with amendments by Unanimous Consent. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · Library of Congress · Code 17000 | Congress.gov | |
| Text versionEngrossed in Senate | A dated text-version record is available. | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionMessage on Senate action sent to the House. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · Senate | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionReceived in the House. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H14000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionHeld at the desk. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H15000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionMs. Lee (FL) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H30300 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionConsidered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2497-2500) | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H30000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionDEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 1884. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H8D000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionOn motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2497) | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H37300 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPassed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H2497) | No additional detail supplied.Floor · Library of Congress · Code 8000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionMotion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code H38310 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPresented to President. | No additional detail supplied.Floor · House floor actions · Code E20000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionPresented to President. | No additional detail supplied.President · Library of Congress · Code 28000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionBecame Public Law No: 119-82. | No additional detail supplied.President · Library of Congress · Code E40000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionBecame Public Law No: 119-82. | No additional detail supplied.BecameLaw · Library of Congress · Code 36000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionSigned by President. | No additional detail supplied.President · Library of Congress · Code E30000 | Congress.gov | |
| Official actionSigned by President. | No additional detail supplied.BecameLaw · Library of Congress · Code 36000 | Congress.gov | |
| Enactment recordPublic Law 119-82 | Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2025 | Congress.gov | |
| Text versionPublic Law | A dated text-version record is available. | Congress.gov |
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Congressional Research Service
CRS summary
Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2025This act permanently extends and expands judicial authority under the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016. The law allows and establishes procedures for civil claims and causes of action to recover artwork and other property lost between 1933 and 1945 because of Nazi persecution.Among the changes, the act removes the deadline for filing civil claims or causes of action. Currently, the filing deadline is December 31, 2026. (Claims must still be filed within six years of the claimant's discovery of the property in question.)The act permits courts to exercise jurisdiction over civil claims or causes of action against a foreign state without regard to the nationality or citizenship of the alleged victim. The art or property at issue must still have a connection to the foreign state's commercial activities in the United States.Additionally, the act authorizes nationwide service of process, which allows courts to exercise personal jurisdiction over defendants in any judicial district where they may be found, reside, have an agent, or transact business.Finally, the act limits the defenses that may be asserted against civil claims or causes of action, including by prohibitingdefenses based on the passage of time, including equitable defenses such as laches (i.e., unreasonable delays); anddiscretionary bases for dismissal that are unrelated to the merits of the claim, including international comity (i.e., deference to the laws of other countries).These changes apply to pending and future civil claims or causes of action.
Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2025This bill permanently extends and expands judicial authority under the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016. The law allows and establishes procedures for civil claims and causes of action to recover artwork and other property lost between 1933 and 1945 because of Nazi persecution. Among the changes, the bill removes the deadline for filing civil claims or causes of action. Currently, the filing deadline is December 31, 2026. (Claims must still be filed within six years of the claimant's discovery of the property in question.)The bill permits courts to exercise jurisdiction over civil claims or causes of action against a foreign state without regard to the nationality or citizenship of the alleged victim. The art or property at issue must still have a connection to the foreign state's commercial activities in the United States.Additionally, the bill authorizes nationwide service of process, which allows courts to exercise personal jurisdiction over defendants in any judicial district where they may be found, reside, have an agent, or transact business.Finally, the bill limits the defenses that may be asserted against civil claims or causes of action, including by prohibitingdefenses based on the passage of time, including equitable defenses such as laches (i.e., unreasonable delays); anddiscretionary bases for dismissal that are unrelated to the merits of the claim, including international comity (i.e., deference to the laws of other countries).These changes apply to pending and future civil claims or causes of action.
Official documents
Text versions
- Enrolled BillNot supplied
- Engrossed in SenateDec 10, 2025
- Reported to SenateNov 18, 2025
- Introduced in SenateMay 22, 2025
- Public LawApr 14, 2026